Asymptomatic Hypertension

Asymptomatic hypertension may be due to situational ("white coat") or undiagnosed hypertension.

Causes

The degree and the duration of High blood pressure are the primary determinants of hypertensive (High blood pressure) retinopathy. But, the changes described above are not unique for hypertension. These changes may be seen in other diseases with vascular risk factors, such as diabetes. The retinopathy may also be more severe and more progressive when diabetes and hypertension are associated. Other factors, such as hyperlipidemia, may make the retinopathy worse as well.

Symptoms

• None; no chest pain, shortness of breath, headache, dizziness, or abdominal pain

Signs

• Normal blood pressure measured in legs of patients under 20 years old to rule out coarctation of the aorta

Treatment

• Appropriate medical management involving life style changes and pharmacotherapy.
• Surgical management is indicated to address secondary causes of systemic hypertension that requires surgical management.
• Weight reduction is strongly encouraged in patients who are more than 115% of their ideal body weight.
• Reduction of dietary saturated fat or increased polyunsaturated fat induces a modest reduction in blood pressure.
• Regular exercise of at least 30 minutes at a heart rate of 65-70% of patient's maximal predicted heart rate is recommended at least 3 times a week.