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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a general term that encompasses three distinct diseases: emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma. These diseases frequently coexist, especially in the elderly, with the individual components of airway destruction and collapse (emphysema), airway inflammation (chronic bronchitis), and airway reactivity (asthma) combining in varying degrees to create obstructive pulmonary symptoms and respiratory distress. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are discussed in detail here.

Causes

The main cause of COPD is smoking. If you will use prolonged tobacco, then it may causes lung inflammation and also destroys air sacs in the lungs.
Another cause of COPD is air pollution, it may cause problems for persons with lung disease. Some occupational pollutants such as includes cadmium and silica may increase the risk of COPD.

Symptoms

"Pink puffer"
Dyspnea (marked) with minimal exertion progressing to shortness of breath at rest
Anorexia
Insomnia
Weight loss suggest decompensation

Signs

Thin, alert, anxious "Tripod" position Tachypneic

Treatment

For the treatment of COPD, you should use inhalers that dilate the airways (bronchodilators) and sometimes theophylline. In another way, inhaled steroids are also used to suppress lung inflammation.
Most important treatment for COPD is quitting cigarette smoking.
For the treatment of COPD, you should be taken bronchodilator medications. It is a prescription drugs and it helps to open air passages in the lungs. They can be inhaled as aerosol sprays or taken orally.

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