Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding

Anovulation is the most frequent cause of dysfunctional vaginal bleeding and, by definition, is unrelated to organic or anatomic lesions of the uterus. A pregnancy test is required to rule out complications of pregnancy.

Causes

Dynsfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is diagnosed after all other causes of abnormal uterine bleeding are ruled out. This includes infection, tumors, disease, early pregnancy disorders, or structure problems.

Dynsfunctional uterine bleeding may be caused by an imbalance of one of the hormones related to ovulation.

Mostly 20% of cases of Dynsfunctional uterine bleeding occur in adolescents and 40% in women over 40. Obesity, excessive exercise, and emotional stress may be risk factors for Dynsfunctional uterine bleeding.

• Trauma to the cervix, vulva, may cause abnormal bleeding.
• Carcinomas of the vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries always must be considered in patients with the appropriate history and physical exam.
• Other causes of DUB include structural disorders, such as functional ovarian cysts, cervicitis, endometritis, salpingitis, and leiomyomas.

Symptoms

• Vaginal bleeding +++++

Signs

• Vaginal bleeding +++++
• Normal pelvic examination

Treatment

Young women within a some years of their first period are not treated unless symptoms are exceptionally severe, such as heavy blood loss causing anemia .

In other women, the goal of treatment is to control the menstrual cycle. Oral contraceptives therapy are frequently used for this purpose. If the woman has anemia is present, iron supplements may be recommended.

If the woman wishes to get pregnant, medication may be given to stimulate ovulation.

Women whose symptoms are severe and resistant to medical therapy may need surgical treatments including endometrial ablation.

In older women who may be approaching menopause, treatment may be include hormone supplementation or surgery to relieve symptoms.